![]() Oncolytic viruses (OVs) selectively replicate in cancer cells and kill them with a multimodal mechanism of action, without affecting normal cells. Oncolytic virotherapy is a promising therapeutic approach that uses engineered viruses to treat several malignancies and has recently been applied successfully in the clinical setting. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify new effective therapeutic strategies for this tumor. Thus, the overall survival (OS) rates remain approximately 9–12 months from diagnosis. Indeed, although several treatment strategies have been explored and many promising therapeutic targets have been identified over the years, standard systemic treatment still consists of platinum-based chemotherapy plus pemetrexed, combined, only in carefully selected patients, with surgery and radiation, which has demonstrated limited effects. ĭespite featuring a predominant etiology linked to asbestos exposure, MM is highly heterogeneous at the molecular level, which is a key hurdle in developing effective therapies. Moreover, asbestos is still used in developing countries and the use of other asbestos-like fibers that can cause MM, such as erionite, is not strictly regulated. Although the use of asbestos has been banned in several countries, MM incidence is increasing due to both the long latency time between exposure and tumor occurrence and the persistence of environmental exposure. MM is mainly associated with asbestos exposure. MMs are classified into three main histologic subtypes: epithelioid, sarcomatoid, and biphasic, which are characterized, respectively, by epithelial cells, spindle-shaped cells, or both cell types, and with sarcomatoid tumors determining the poorest outcome. The most common MM type affects the pleura surrounding the lungs. Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a very aggressive tumor developing from the mesothelium covering the body cavities. Although further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the selective CpHV-1 action on MM cells, our data suggest that the CpHV-1-cisplatin combination could be a feasible strategy against MM. Moreover, CpHV-1 strongly synergized with cisplatin, the drug currently used in MM chemotherapy, and this agent combination did not affect normal mesothelial cells. In particular, CpHV-1 induced MM cell apoptosis and accumulation in G0/G1 or S cell cycle phases. We found that CpHV-1 reduced cell viability and clonogenic potential in all MM cell lines without affecting non-tumor cells, in which, indeed, we did not detect intracellular viral DNA after treatment. Here, we assessed CpHV-1 effects on MM (NCI-H28, MSTO, NCI-H2052) and non-tumor mesothelial (MET-5A) cells. We previously showed that caprine herpesvirus 1 (CpHV-1), a non-pathogenic virus for humans, can kill different human cancer cell lines. Some non-human OVs offer advantages over human OVs, including the non-pathogenicity in humans and the absence of pre-existing immunity. ![]() Oncolytic virotherapy is a promising therapeutic approach, for which MM is an ideal candidate indeed, the pleural location provides direct access for the intra-tumoral injection of oncolytic viruses (OVs). Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive asbestos-related cancer, against which no curative modalities exist. ![]()
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